Mea ʻike maikaʻi o ka wai

Ua hoʻomohala kahi hui o nā kānaka noiʻi mai nā kulanui ma Scotland, Pokukala a me Kelemania i kahi mea ʻike e hiki ke kōkua i ka ʻike ʻana i ke alo o nā pesticides ma nā ʻano haʻahaʻa loa i loko o nā hāpana wai.
ʻO kā lākou hana, i wehewehe ʻia ma kahi pepa hou i paʻi ʻia i kēia lā ma ka puke pai ʻo Polymer Materials and Engineering, hiki ke hana i ka nānā ʻana i ka wai i wikiwiki, maʻalahi, a me ke kumu kūʻai.
Hoʻohana nui ʻia nā pesticides i ka mahiʻai a puni ka honua e pale aku i ka nalowale ʻana o nā mea kanu. Eia nō naʻe, pono e akahele, no ka mea, ʻoiai nā kahe liʻiliʻi i loko o ka lepo, ka wai honua a i ʻole ke kai wai hiki ke hōʻeha i ke olakino kanaka, holoholona a me ke kaiapuni.

He mea nui ka nānā mau ʻana i ke kaiapuni e hōʻemi i ka haumia o ka wai i hiki ke hana koke ʻia ke ʻike ʻia nā pesticides i loko o nā hāpana wai. I kēia manawa, hana pinepine ʻia ka hoʻāʻo ʻana i nā pesticides ma lalo o nā kūlana hoʻokolohua me ka hoʻohana ʻana i nā ʻano hana e like me ka chromatography a me ka mass spectrometry.
ʻOiai hāʻawi kēia mau hoʻāʻo i nā hopena hilinaʻi a pololei, hiki iā lākou ke hoʻopau i ka manawa a me ke kumukūʻai e hana ai. ʻO kahi koho ʻē aʻe e hoʻohiki nei he mea hana loiloi kemika i kapa ʻia ʻo surface-enhanced Raman Scattering (SERS).
Ke pā ka mālamalama i kahi molekala, hoʻopuehu ia ma nā alapine like ʻole ma muli o ke ʻano molekala o ka molekala. Hiki iā SERS i nā kānaka ʻepekema ke ʻike a ʻike i ka nui o nā molekala i koe i loko o kahi hāpana hoʻāʻo i hoʻopili ʻia ma kahi ʻili metala ma o ka nānā ʻana i ka "manamana lima" kū hoʻokahi o ka mālamalama i hoʻopuehu ʻia e nā molekala.
Hiki ke hoʻonui ʻia kēia hopena ma ka hoʻololi ʻana i ka ʻili metala i hiki iā ia ke hoʻopili i nā molekala, a laila e hoʻomaikaʻi ai i ka hiki o ke sensor ke ʻike i nā haʻahaʻa haʻahaʻa o nā molekala i loko o ka hāpana.
Ua hoʻomaka ka hui noiʻi e hoʻomohala i kahi ʻano hoʻāʻo hou a ʻoi aku ka maʻalahi e hiki ke hoʻopili i nā molekala i loko o nā hāpana wai me ka hoʻohana ʻana i nā mea i paʻi ʻia 3D i loaʻa a hāʻawi i nā hopena mua pololei ma ke kahua.
No ka hana ʻana pēlā, ua aʻo lākou i kekahi mau ʻano ʻano o nā ʻano hana cell i hana ʻia mai ka hui ʻana o ka polypropylene a me nā nanotubes carbon multi-walled. Ua hana ʻia nā hale me ka hoʻohana ʻana i nā filaments i hoʻoheheʻe ʻia, kahi ʻano maʻamau o ka paʻi 3D.
Ma ka hoʻohana ʻana i nā ʻano hana kemika pulu kuʻuna, ua waiho ʻia nā nanoparticles kālā a me ke gula ma luna o ka ʻili o ke ʻano o ke kelepona e hiki ai i kahi kaʻina hana hoʻopuehu Raman i hoʻonui ʻia i ka ʻili.
Ua hoʻāʻo lākou i ka hiki o kekahi mau ʻano mea kelepona i paʻi ʻia he 3D e omo a hoʻopili i nā molekala o ka methylene blue dye organik, a laila kālailai iā lākou me ka hoʻohana ʻana i kahi spectrometer Raman lawe lima.
A laila ua hoʻohui ʻia nā mea i hana maikaʻi loa i nā hoʻokolohua mua - nā hoʻolālā lattice (nā ʻano cellular periodic) i hoʻopaʻa ʻia i nā nanoparticles kālā - i ka ʻāpana hoʻāʻo. Ua hoʻohui ʻia nā liʻiliʻi o nā insecticides maoli (Siram a me paraquat) i nā laʻana wai kai a me ka wai maʻemaʻe a kau ʻia ma nā ʻāpana hoʻāʻo no ka nānā ʻana o SERS.
Ua lawe ʻia ka wai mai ka nuku o ka muliwai ma Aveiro, Pokukala, a mai nā piula wai ma kahi like, kahi i hoʻāʻo pinepine ʻia e nānā pono i ka haumia o ka wai.
Ua ʻike nā kānaka noiʻi ua hiki i nā ʻāpana ke ʻike i ʻelua mau molekala pesticide i nā nui haʻahaʻa e like me 1 micromole, ʻo ia hoʻi ka like me hoʻokahi molekala pesticide no hoʻokahi miliona mau molekala wai.
ʻO Polopeka Shanmugam Kumar, mai ke Kula ʻenekinia ʻo James Watt ma ke Kulanui o Glasgow, kekahi o nā mea kākau o ka pepa. Kūkulu ʻia kēia hana ma luna o kāna noiʻi ʻana i ka hoʻohana ʻana i ka ʻenehana paʻi 3D e hana i nā lattices hoʻonohonoho nanoengineered me nā waiwai kū hoʻokahi.
"He mea hoʻoikaika nui nā hopena o kēia noiʻi mua a hōʻike i hiki ke hoʻohana ʻia kēia mau mea haʻahaʻa ke kumu kūʻai e hana i nā mea ʻike no SERS e ʻike i nā pesticides, ʻoiai ma nā ʻano haʻahaʻa loa."
Ua hoʻomohala ʻo Kauka Sara Fateuxa mai ka CICECO Aveiro Materials Institute ma ke Kulanui o Aveiro, he mea kākau pū o ka pepa, i nā nanoparticles plasma e kākoʻo ana i ka ʻenehana SERS. ʻOiai ke nānā nei kēia pepa i ka hiki o ka ʻōnaehana ke ʻike i nā ʻano haumia wai kikoʻī, hiki ke hoʻohana maʻalahi ʻia ka ʻenehana e nānā i ke alo o nā haumia wai.