Kōkua nā mea ʻike lepo i ka poʻe mahiʻai e loiloi i nā kūlana ulu e like me ka loaʻa ʻana o ka wai a me ka meaʻai, ka pH lepo, ka mahana a me ka topography

ʻO Tomato (Solanum lycopersicum L.) kekahi o nā mea kanu waiwai nui ma ka mākeke honua a ua ulu nui ʻia ma lalo o ka irrigation. Hoʻopilikia pinepine ʻia ka hoʻoulu ʻana o ka Tomato e nā kūlana maikaʻi ʻole e like me ke aniau, ka lepo a me nā kumu wai. Ua hoʻomohala ʻia a hoʻokomo ʻia nā ʻenehana sensor a puni ka honua e kōkua i ka poʻe mahiʻai e loiloi i nā kūlana ulu e like me ka loaʻa ʻana o ka wai a me ka meaʻai, ka pH lepo, ka mahana a me ka topology.
ʻO nā kumu e pili ana i ka haʻahaʻa haʻahaʻa o nā tōmato. He kiʻekiʻe ke koi no nā tōmato ma nā mākeke hoʻohana hou a ma nā mākeke hana ʻenehana (hana). ʻIke ʻia nā hua tōmato haʻahaʻa ma nā ʻāpana mahiʻai he nui, e like me Indonesia, ka mea nui e pili ana i nā ʻōnaehana mahiʻai kuʻuna. ʻO ka hoʻokomo ʻana i nā ʻenehana e like me ka Internet of Things (IoT)-based applications and sensors ua hoʻonui nui i ka hua o nā mea kanu like ʻole, me nā tōmato.
ʻO ka nele o ka hoʻohana ʻana i nā mea ʻike heterogeneous a me nā ʻano hou ma muli o ka lawa ʻole o ka ʻike e alakaʻi ai i nā hua haʻahaʻa i ka mahiʻai. He kuleana koʻikoʻi ka hoʻokele wai naʻauao i ka pale ʻana i ka pau ʻole o nā mea kanu, ʻoi aku hoʻi i nā mahi kanu tōmato.
ʻO ka makū o ka lepo kekahi mea e hoʻoholo ai i ka hua ʻōmato no ka mea he mea nui ia no ka hoʻoili ʻana i nā meaʻai a me nā mea hoʻohui ʻē aʻe mai ka lepo i ka mea kanu. He mea nui ka mālama ʻana i ka mahana o ka mea kanu no ka mea e pili ana i ka pala o nā lau a me nā hua.
ʻO ka lepo maikaʻi loa no nā mea kanu tōmato ma waena o 60% a me 80%. ʻO ka mahana kūpono no ka hana ʻana i nā tōmato kiʻekiʻe ma waena o 24 a 28 degere Celsius. Ma luna o kēia pae wela, ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi o ka ulu ʻana o ka mea kanu a me ka ulu ʻana o ka pua a me nā hua. Inā loli nui nā kūlana o ka lepo a me nā mahana, e lohi ka ulu ʻana o nā mea kanu a ʻoki ʻia a ʻo ʻole ʻia nā tōmato.
Hoʻohana ʻia nā sensor i ka ulu ʻana i ka ʻōmato. Ua hoʻomohala ʻia kekahi mau ʻenehana no ka hoʻokele pololei ʻana i nā kumuwaiwai wai, ma muli o nā ʻenehana ʻike pili a me ka mamao. No ka hoʻoholo ʻana i ka ʻike wai i loko o nā mea kanu, hoʻohana ʻia nā sensor e loiloi i ke kūlana physiological o nā mea kanu a me ko lākou kaiapuni. No ka laʻana, hiki i nā mea ʻike e pili ana i ka radiation terahertz i hui pū ʻia me nā ana haʻahaʻa ke hoʻoholo i ka nui o ke kaomi ʻana i ka lau.
Hoʻohana ʻia nā mea ʻike no ka hoʻoholo ʻana i ka wai i loko o nā mea kanu ma luna o nā ʻano mea kani a me nā ʻenehana, me ka spectroscopy impedance uila, ka spectroscopy kokoke-infrared (NIR), ka ʻenehana kani ultrasonic, a me ka ʻenehana leaf clamp. Hoʻohana ʻia nā mea ʻike lepo lepo a me nā mea ʻike conductivity e hoʻoholo i ke ʻano o ka lepo, salinity a me ka conductivity.
ʻO ka haʻahaʻa o ka lepo a me nā mea ʻike wela, a me kahi ʻōnaehana wai maʻalahi. No ka loaʻa ʻana o kahi hua maikaʻi loa, pono nā tōmato i kahi ʻōnaehana wai kūpono. Hoʻoweliweli ka ulu ʻana o ka wai i ka hana mahiʻai a me ka palekana meaʻai. Hiki i ka hoʻohana ʻana i nā mea ʻike maikaʻi ke hōʻoia i ka hoʻohana maikaʻi ʻana i nā kumuwaiwai wai a hoʻonui i nā hua hua.
Hoʻohālikelike nā mea ʻike wai lepo i ka lepo. Loaʻa i nā mea hoʻoheheʻe lepo i kūkulu hou ʻia i ʻelua mau papa conductive. Ke hōʻike ʻia kēia mau papa i kahi mea hoʻokele (e like me ka wai), e neʻe nā electrons mai ka anode i ka cathode. ʻO kēia neʻe ʻana o nā electrons e hana i kahi au uila, hiki ke ʻike ʻia me ka voltmeter. ʻIke kēia mea ʻike i ka loaʻa ʻana o ka wai i ka lepo.
I kekahi mau hihia, ua hui pū ʻia nā mea ʻike lepo me nā thermistors hiki ke ana i ka mahana a me ka haʻahaʻa. Hoʻopili ʻia ka ʻikepili mai kēia mau mea ʻike a hoʻopuka i kahi laina hoʻokahi, hoʻopuka bidirectional i hoʻouna ʻia i ka ʻōnaehana flushing automated. Ke hōʻea ka ʻikepili wela a me ka haʻahaʻa i kekahi mau paepae, e hoʻā a pio ʻole ka hoʻololi ʻana o ka pauma wai.
ʻO Bioristor kahi mea ʻike bioelectronic. Hoʻohana ʻia ka bioelectronics e hoʻomalu i nā kaʻina hana physiological o nā mea kanu a me kā lākou ʻano morphological. I kēia mau lā, ua hoʻomohala ʻia kahi sensor in vivo e pili ana i nā transistors electrochemical organik (OECTs), i kapa ʻia he bioresistors. Ua hoʻohana ʻia ka mea ʻike i ka mahi ʻana i ka ʻōmato e nānā i nā loli i ke ʻano o ke kohu mea kanu e kahe ana i ka xylem a me ka phloem o nā mea kanu tōmato. Ke hana nei ka sensor i ka manawa maoli i loko o ke kino me ka ʻole e hoʻopilikia i ka hana o ka mea kanu.
No ka mea hiki ke hoʻokomo pono ʻia ka bioresistor i loko o nā kumu lāʻau, hiki iā ia ke nānā i loko o ka vivo i nā hana physiological e pili ana i ka neʻe ʻana o ka ion i nā mea kanu ma lalo o nā kūlana koʻikoʻi e like me ka maloʻo, salinity, lawa ʻole ke kaomi mahu a me ka haʻahaʻa kiʻekiʻe. Hoʻohana pū ʻia ʻo Biostor no ka ʻike ʻana i ka pathogen a me ka mālama ʻana i nā pest. Hoʻohana pū ʻia ka sensor e nānā i ke kūlana wai o nā mea kanu.