Kōkua nā mea ʻike lepo i nā mahiʻai e loiloi i nā kūlana ulu e like me ka wai a me ka loaʻa ʻana o nā meaʻai, ka pH lepo, ka mahana a me ke ʻano o ka lepo.

ʻO ka tōmato (Solanum lycopersicum L.) kekahi o nā mea kanu waiwai nui ma ka mākeke honua a ua ulu nui ʻia ma lalo o ka wai hoʻoinu. Hoʻopilikia pinepine ʻia ka hana ʻana o ka tōmato e nā kūlana maikaʻi ʻole e like me ke aniau, ka lepo a me nā kumuwaiwai wai. Ua hoʻomohala ʻia a hoʻokomo ʻia nā ʻenehana sensor a puni ka honua e kōkua i nā mahiʻai e loiloi i nā kūlana ulu e like me ka loaʻa ʻana o ka wai a me nā meaʻai, ka pH lepo, ka mahana a me ka topology.
Nā kumu e pili ana i ka haʻahaʻa o ka huahana o nā tōmato. Kiʻekiʻe ke koi no nā tōmato ma nā mākeke hoʻohana hou a ma nā mākeke hana ʻoihana (hana). ʻIke ʻia ka haʻahaʻa o ka hua tōmato ma nā ʻāpana mahiʻai he nui, e like me Indonesia, kahi e pili nui ana i nā ʻōnaehana mahiʻai kuʻuna. ʻO ka hoʻolauna ʻana o nā ʻenehana e like me nā noi a me nā mea ʻike e pili ana i ka Pūnaewele o nā Mea (IoT) ua hoʻonui nui i ka hua o nā mea kanu like ʻole, me nā tōmato.
ʻO ka nele o ka hoʻohana ʻana i nā mea ʻike like ʻole a me nā mea hou ma muli o ka lawa ʻole o ka ʻike e alakaʻi ai i ka haʻahaʻa o ka hua ma ka mahiʻai. He kuleana koʻikoʻi ka hoʻokele wai naʻauao i ka pale ʻana i ka hāʻule ʻana o ka mea kanu, ʻoi aku hoʻi i nā mahi kanu tōmato.
ʻO ka makū o ka lepo kekahi mea e hoʻoholo ai i ka hua o ka tōmato no ka mea he mea nui ia no ka hoʻoili ʻana i nā meaʻai a me nā hui ʻē aʻe mai ka lepo a i ka mea kanu. He mea nui ka mālama ʻana i ka mahana o ka mea kanu no ka mea e pili ana ia i ka pala ʻana o nā lau a me nā hua.
ʻO ka makū lepo kūpono no nā mea kanu tōmato ma waena o 60% a me 80%. ʻO ka mahana kūpono no ka hana nui ʻana o nā tōmato ma waena o 24 a 28 degere Celsius. Ma luna o kēia pae mahana, ʻaʻole kūpono ka ulu ʻana o nā mea kanu a me ka ulu ʻana o ka pua a me nā hua. Inā loli nui nā kūlana o ka lepo a me nā mahana, e lohi a e emi ka ulu ʻana o nā mea kanu a e pala like ʻole nā ​​tōmato.
Nā mea ʻike i hoʻohana ʻia i ka ulu ʻana i ka tōmato. Ua hoʻomohala ʻia kekahi mau ʻenehana no ka hoʻokele pololei ʻana i nā kumuwaiwai wai, ma muli o nā ʻano hana ʻike proximal a me remote. No ka hoʻoholo ʻana i ka nui o ka wai i loko o nā mea kanu, hoʻohana ʻia nā mea ʻike e loiloi i ke kūlana physiological o nā mea kanu a me ko lākou wahi noho. No ka laʻana, hiki i nā mea ʻike e pili ana i ka radiation terahertz i hui pū ʻia me nā ana ʻana o ka haʻahaʻa ke hoʻoholo i ka nui o ke kaomi ma ka pahi.
Hoʻokumu ʻia nā mea ʻike i hoʻohana ʻia e hoʻoholo i ka nui o ka wai i loko o nā mea kanu ma nā ʻano mea hana like ʻole a me nā ʻenehana, me ka spectroscopy impedance uila, spectroscopy kokoke-infrared (NIR), ʻenehana ultrasonic, a me ka ʻenehana ʻūlū lau. Hoʻohana ʻia nā mea ʻike makū lepo a me nā mea ʻike conductivity e hoʻoholo i ke ʻano o ka lepo, ka paʻakai a me ka conductivity.
Nā mea ʻike maʻū a me ka mahana o ka lepo, a me kahi ʻōnaehana hoʻoinu wai ponoʻī. No ka loaʻa ʻana o ka hua kūpono, pono nā tōmato i kahi ʻōnaehana hoʻoinu wai kūpono. Hoʻoweliweli ka nele o ka wai e ulu ana i ka hana mahiʻai a me ka palekana meaʻai. Hiki i ka hoʻohana ʻana i nā mea ʻike pono ke hōʻoia i ka hoʻohana pono ʻana i nā kumuwaiwai wai a hoʻonui i ka hua o nā mea kanu.
Kuhi nā mea ʻike wai lepo i ka wai o ka lepo. ʻO nā mea ʻike wai lepo i hoʻomohala hou ʻia e komo pū me ʻelua mau papa alakaʻi. Ke hōʻike ʻia kēia mau papa i kahi mea alakaʻi (e like me ka wai), e neʻe nā electrons mai ka anode i ka cathode. ʻO kēia neʻe ʻana o nā electrons e hana i kahi au uila, hiki ke ʻike ʻia me ka hoʻohana ʻana i ka voltmeter. ʻIke kēia mea ʻike i ke alo o ka wai i loko o ka lepo.
I kekahi mau hihia, ua hui pū ʻia nā mea ʻike lepo me nā thermistors e hiki ke ana i ka mahana a me ka makū. Hoʻoponopono ʻia ka ʻikepili mai kēia mau mea ʻike a hoʻopuka i kahi hopena laina hoʻokahi, bidirectional i hoʻouna ʻia i ka ʻōnaehana holoi wai aunoa. Ke hiki ka ʻikepili mahana a me ka makū i kekahi mau paepae, e hoʻohuli a pio paha ke kuapo pamu wai.
He mea ʻike bioelectronic ʻo Bioristor. Hoʻohana ʻia ka Bioelectronics e kāohi i nā kaʻina hana physiological o nā mea kanu a me ko lākou ʻano morphological. I kēia manawa, ua hoʻomohala ʻia kahi mea ʻike in vivo e pili ana i nā transistors electrochemical organik (OECTs), i kapa pinepine ʻia he bioresistors. Ua hoʻohana ʻia ka mea ʻike i ka mahi ʻana i ka tōmato e loiloi i nā loli i ka haku mele ʻana o ka wai o ka mea kanu e kahe ana i loko o ka xylem a me ka phloem o nā mea kanu tōmato e ulu ana. Hana ka mea ʻike i ka manawa maoli i loko o ke kino me ka ʻole o ke keakea ʻana i ka hana o ka mea kanu.
Ma muli o ka hiki ke hoʻokomo pololei ʻia ka bioresistor i loko o nā kumu o nā mea kanu, hiki iā ia ke nānā pono i nā ʻano hana physiological e pili ana i ka neʻe ʻana o ka ion i nā mea kanu ma lalo o nā kūlana koʻikoʻi e like me ka maloʻo, ka paʻakai, ka lawa ʻole o ke kaomi mahu a me ka haʻahaʻa kiʻekiʻe. Hoʻohana ʻia ʻo Biostor no ka ʻike ʻana i nā pathogens a me ka kaohi ʻana i nā pest. Hoʻohana ʻia ka sensor e nānā i ke kūlana wai o nā mea kanu.