Ka Moolelo o ka Nānā ʻana i ka Wai a me nā Pilikia o ka Haumia Ammonium ma Malaysia
Ma ke ʻano he lāhui mahiʻai a me ka ʻoihana koʻikoʻi ma Asia Hikina Hema, ke kū nei ʻo Malekia i nā pilikia haumia wai e piʻi nui ana, me ka haumia ʻana o ka ion ammonium (NH₄⁺) e kū mai ana ma ke ʻano he hōʻailona palekana wai koʻikoʻi. Me ka holomua ʻana o nā papahana kaiapuni aupuni e like me ka papahana "Muiwai o ke Ola" a Malekia, ua loaʻa i ka ʻenehana sensor ion ammonium ka hoʻohana ākea ma ka ʻāina holoʻokoʻa, e hana ana i nā hihia hoʻohana multi-level mai ka hoʻoponopono hou ʻana o ka muliwai kūlanakauhale a hiki i ka mahiʻai aquaculture.
Ua haʻaheo ʻo Malaysia i nā waiwai wai he nui, me nā muliwai he nui, nā loko, a me nā kumu wai honua e lawelawe nei ma ke ʻano he wai inu no nā miliona miliona me ke kākoʻo ʻana i ka hoʻoinu ʻana i ka mahiʻai, ka hana ʻoihana, a me nā kaiaolaola. Eia nō naʻe, ua kau ka wikiwiki o ke kūlanakauhale a me ka hoʻomohala mahiʻai i ke kaomi nui ma ke kaiapuni wai o Malaysia, me ka haumia ammonium e lilo ana i hoʻokahi o nā pilikia koʻikoʻi. Loaʻa nā ion ammonium mai ka wai hoʻoheheʻe mahiʻai, ka wai lepo home, a me ka wai lepo ʻoihana. ʻAʻole wale ka nui o ka nui e hoʻoulu ai i ka eutrophication wai akā hoʻopilikia pū kekahi i ke olakino ma o ka hoʻololi ʻana i nā nitrites a me nā nitrates, ʻoi aku ka hoʻonui ʻana i ka pilikia o ka methemoglobinemia pēpē (blue baby syndrome).
Ua hōʻike ʻia nā ʻikepili mai ke Keʻena Kaiapuni o Malaysia ua ʻoi aku ka nui o ka ammonium ma nā muliwai nui he nui ma mua o ka paepae makaʻala 0.3mg/L. ʻO ke Kahawai ʻo Klang—ka “muhaiwahine” o Kuala Lumpur—e hōʻike mau ana i nā pae ammonium ma lalo o ke kahawai o 2-3mg/L, ʻoi aku ka nui ma mua o nā kūlana wai inu o WHO. He mea koʻikoʻi loa kēia ma nā wahi mahiʻai o Selangor a me nā wahi ʻoihana o Penang, kahi i lilo ai ka haumia ammonium i mea pilikia no ka hoʻomohala mau ʻana.
He nui nā palena o nā ʻano nānā kuʻuna ma Malaysia:
- He 24-48 mau hola ka lōʻihi o ka nānā ʻana o ka hale hana, ʻaʻole hiki ke hōʻike i nā loli i ka manawa maoli
- Ke hakakā nei ka laʻana lima me ka ʻāina paʻakikī o Malaysia
- ʻAʻohe hoʻokele like ʻana o ka ʻikepili i māhele ʻia ma waena o nā keʻena
Ke pale nei kēia mau mea i nā pane kūpono i nā pilikia haumia ammonium.
Nā Kumumanaʻo ʻenehana o nā ʻIke Ammonium a me ko lākou kūpono no Malaysia
Hoʻohana nui nā mea ʻike ammonium hou i hoʻolaha ʻia ma Malaysia i ʻekolu mau ʻano ʻike, kēlā me kēia me nā pono kūikawā no nā hiʻohiʻona nānā like ʻole:
- ʻenehana ʻElekoda Koho Ion (ISE)
- Hoʻohana nui ʻia ma Malaysia
- Ke ana i nā loli hiki ke loaʻa ma kahi membrane ammonium-sensitive
- Nā Pōmaikaʻi: Hoʻonohonoho maʻalahi, kumukūʻai haʻahaʻa, pane wikiwiki (<2 mau minuke)
- Laʻana: Ua hoʻokō nā mea ʻike ISE i hoʻomaikaʻi ʻia e Xianhe Environmental ma ka papahana ʻo Klang River i ka pololei ±0.05mg/L me ka uku mahana a me nā uhi anti-interference.
- ʻenehana fluorescence optical
- ʻIke i nā loli fluorescence mai nā dyes ammonium-reactive
- ʻAʻole i hoʻopilikia ʻia e ke kala/ka wai ʻino
- Ka hoʻoponopono liʻiliʻi e pono ai
- Laʻana: Hoʻohui nā ʻōnaehana nānā kelepona e MIC-騰晖 Telecom i kēia me ka mana o ka lā a me NB-IoT no nā wahi mamao.
- ʻenehana Colorimetric
- Ana i nā loli kala mai nā hopena hōʻike ammonium
- Pane lohi (15-30 mau minuke) akā koho nui ʻia
- Kūpono no nā hana mahiʻai
- Laʻana: Ka nānā pono ʻana i ka hoʻoinu wai a MARDI
- Hiki iā mākou ke hāʻawi i nā ʻano hoʻonā like ʻole no
1. Mīkini lima no ka maikaʻi o ka wai me nā palena he nui
2. ʻŌnaehana Buoy lana no ka maikaʻi o ka wai me nā palena he nui
3. Palaki hoʻomaʻemaʻe ʻakomi no ka mea ʻike wai multi-parameter
4. Hoʻonohonoho piha o nā kikowaena a me ka module uea ʻole polokalamu, kākoʻo iā RS485 GPRS /4g/WIFI/LORA/LORAWAN
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Ka manawa hoʻouna: Iune-23-2025