Loaʻa nā kahe ʻana o ke kahawai hāmama ma ke ʻano maoli a me nā hale i hana ʻia e ke kanaka. Ma ke ʻano maoli, ʻike ʻia nā kahe mālie ma nā muliwai nui kokoke i ko lākou mau estuaries: e laʻa me ka muliwai Nile ma waena o Alexandria lāua ʻo Cairo, ka muliwai ʻo Brisbane ma Brisbane. Loaʻa nā wai kahe ma nā muliwai mauna, nā kahawai wikiwiki a me nā kahawai. ʻO nā hiʻohiʻona kuʻuna e pili ana i nā cataracts o ka muliwai Nile, nā kahawai wikiwiki ʻo Zambesi ma ʻApelika a me nā wailele Rhine.
ʻO ka muliwai ʻo Wisconsin a me nā pā one i ʻAukake, 1966 - e nānā ana i uka.
Hiki i nā kahawai hāmama i hana ʻia e ke kanaka ke lilo i mau kahawai hoʻolako wai no ka hoʻoinu wai, ka lako mana a me nā wai inu, ke kahawai hoʻoili i loko o nā hale hana hoʻomaʻemaʻe wai, nā kahawai wai ʻino, kekahi mau pūnāwai lehulehu, nā ʻauwai ma lalo o nā alanui a me nā laina kaʻaahi.
ʻIke ʻia nā kahe ʻana o ke kahawai hāmama ma nā kūlana liʻiliʻi a me nā kūlana nui. No ka laʻana, hiki i ka hohonu o ke kahe ʻana ma waena o kekahi mau kenimika i loko o nā hale hana hoʻomaʻemaʻe wai a ʻoi aku ma mua o 10 m ma nā muliwai nui. Hiki i ka wikiwiki o ke kahe awelika ke ʻano mai ka emi ma mua o 0.01 m/s ma nā wai mālie a i luna o 50 m/s ma ke ala wai kiʻekiʻe. Hiki i ka laulā o nā hoʻokuʻu holoʻokoʻa2 ke hoʻonui mai Q ~ 0.001 l/s ma nā hale hana kemika a i Q > 10 000 m3/s ma nā muliwai nui a i ʻole nā ala wai. Eia naʻe, i kēlā me kēia kūlana kahe, ʻaʻole ʻike mua ʻia kahi o ka ʻili manuahi a ua hoʻoholo ʻia ma ka hoʻopili ʻana i nā loina hoʻomau a me ka momentum.
No laila, i ka ulu wikiwiki ʻana o ka ʻepekema a me ka ʻenehana i kēia lā, ʻoi aku ka naʻauao a me ka pololei o ka hana hou ʻana o ka huahana, ʻo ia hoʻi nā huahana hydrological e ana i ka nui o ke kahe o nā kahawai hāmama, penei:
Ka manawa hoʻouna: Sep-29-2024