Ua kau ʻo Shuohao Cai, he haumāna kauka ma ka ʻepekema lepo, i kahi koʻokoʻo sensor me kahi sticker sensor multifunction e hiki ai ke ana i nā hohonu like ʻole i loko o ka lepo ma ke Keʻena Noiʻi Mahiʻai ʻo University of Wisconsin-Madison Hancock.
MADISON — Ua hoʻomohala nā ʻenekinia o ke Kulanui o Wisconsin-Madison i nā mea ʻike haʻahaʻa ke kumukūʻai e hiki ke hāʻawi i ka nānā mau ʻana i ka nitrate i ka manawa maoli i nā ʻano lepo maʻamau o Wisconsin. Hiki i kēia mau mea ʻike electrochemical i paʻi ʻia ke kōkua i nā mahiʻai e hana i nā hoʻoholo hoʻokele meaʻai ʻoi aku ka naʻauao a ʻike i nā pono waiwai.
"Hiki i kā mākou mau sensor ke hāʻawi i nā mahiʻai i kahi ʻike maikaʻi aʻe i ke kūlana meaʻai o ko lākou lepo a me ka nui o ka nitrate i loaʻa i kā lākou mau mea kanu, e kōkua ana iā lākou e hoʻoholo pololei i ka nui o ka mea hoʻouluulu a lākou e pono ai," wahi a Joseph Andrews, ke kumu kōkua ma ke Kulanui ʻo Harvard. Ua alakaʻi ʻia ke aʻo ʻana e ke Kula ʻenekinia mīkini ma ke Kulanui o Wisconsin-Madison. "Inā hiki iā lākou ke hōʻemi i ka nui o ka mea hoʻouluulu a lākou e kūʻai ai, hiki ke nui ka mālama kālā no nā mahiʻai nui."
He meaʻai koʻikoʻi nā nitrates no ka ulu ʻana o nā mea kanu, akā hiki i nā nitrates keu ke lele mai ka lepo a komo i ka wai honua. He mea ʻino kēia ʻano haumia i ka poʻe e inu ana i ka wai luawai haumia a he mea ʻino hoʻi i ke kaiapuni. Hiki ke hoʻohana ʻia ka sensor hou o nā mea noiʻi ma ke ʻano he mea hana noiʻi mahiʻai e nānā i ka hoʻolei ʻana o ka nitrate a kōkua i ka hoʻomohala ʻana i nā hana maikaʻi loa no ka hōʻemi ʻana i kona mau hopena ʻino.
He hana nui nā ʻano hana o kēia manawa no ka nānā ʻana i ka nitrate lepo, he pipiʻi, a ʻaʻole hāʻawi i ka ʻikepili manawa maoli. ʻO ia ke kumu i hoʻomaka ai ka loea uila paʻi ʻo Andrews a me kāna hui e hana i kahi hopena ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi a emi ke kumukūʻai.
Ma kēia papahana, ua hoʻohana nā mea noiʻi i kahi kaʻina hana paʻi ʻīnika e hana i kahi sensor potentiometric, kahi ʻano sensor electrochemical lahilahi. Hoʻohana pinepine ʻia nā sensor potentiometric e ana pololei i ka nitrate i loko o nā hopena wai. Eia nō naʻe, ʻaʻole kūpono kēia mau sensor no ka hoʻohana ʻana i nā wahi lepo no ka mea hiki i nā ʻāpana lepo nui ke kahakaha i nā sensor a pale i nā ana pololei.
"ʻO ka pilikia nui a mākou e hoʻāʻo nei e hoʻoponopono, ʻo ia ka ʻimi ʻana i kahi ala e hana pono ai kēia mau sensor electrochemical i nā kūlana lepo ʻino a ʻike pololei i nā ion nitrate," wahi a Andrews.
ʻO ka hopena o ka hui, ʻo ia ke kau ʻana i kahi papa o ka polyvinylidene fluoride ma luna o ka sensor. Wahi a Andrews, ʻelua mau ʻano koʻikoʻi o kēia mea. ʻO ka mua, he mau pores liʻiliʻi loa kona, ma kahi o 400 nanometers ka nui, e ʻae ana i nā ion nitrate e hele ma waena me ka pale ʻana i nā ʻāpana lepo. ʻO ka lua, he hydrophilic ia, ʻo ia hoʻi, huki ia i ka wai a omo iā ia e like me ka huʻa.
"No laila, e komo maikaʻi ana kekahi wai waiwai i ka nitrate i loko o kā mākou mau mea ʻike, he mea nui ia no ka mea ua like ka lepo me ka huʻa a e nalowale ana ʻoe i ke kaua ma ke ʻano o ka makū e komo ana i loko o ka mea ʻike inā ʻaʻole hiki iā ʻoe ke loaʻa ka omo wai like. Ka hiki ke lepo," wahi a Andrews. "ʻO kēia mau waiwai o ka papa polyvinylidene fluoride e ʻae iā mākou e unuhi i ka wai waiwai i ka nitrate, hāʻawi iā ia i ka ʻili o ka mea ʻike a ʻike pololei i ka nitrate."
Ua hōʻike kikoʻī nā mea noiʻi i ko lākou holomua ma kahi pepa i paʻi ʻia ma Malaki 2024 ma ka puke pai Advanced Materials Technology.
Ua hoʻāʻo ka hui i kā lākou sensor ma nā ʻano lepo ʻelua e pili ana me Wisconsin—nā lepo one, maʻamau ma nā ʻāpana ʻākau-waena o ka mokuʻāina, a me nā loams silty, maʻamau ma ke komohana hema o Wisconsin—a ua ʻike ʻia ua hua nā sensor i nā hopena pololei.
Ke hoʻohui nei nā kānaka noiʻi i kā lākou sensor nitrate i loko o kahi ʻōnaehana sensor multifunctional a lākou e kapa nei he "sensor sticker," kahi i kau ʻia ai ʻekolu mau ʻano sensor like ʻole ma luna o kahi ʻili plastik palupalu me ka hoʻohana ʻana i kahi kākoʻo pipili. Loaʻa pū i nā sticker nā mea ʻike haʻahaʻa a me ka mahana.
E hoʻopili nā kānaka noiʻi i kekahi mau pepili sensory i kahi pou, e kau iā lākou ma nā kiʻekiʻe like ʻole, a laila e kanu i ka pou i loko o ka lepo. Ua ʻae kēia hoʻonohonoho iā lākou e ana i nā hohonu lepo like ʻole.
"Ma ke ana ʻana i ka nitrate, ka makū a me ka mahana ma nā hohonu like ʻole, hiki iā mākou ke helu i ke kaʻina hana leaching nitrate a hoʻomaopopo pehea e neʻe ai ka nitrate ma ka lepo, kahi mea hiki ʻole ma mua," wahi a Andrews.
I ke kauwela o 2024, hoʻolālā nā mea noiʻi e kau i 30 mau koʻokoʻo sensor i loko o ka lepo ma ke kahua noiʻi mahiʻai ʻo Hancock a me ke kahua noiʻi mahiʻai ʻo Arlington ma ke Kulanui o Wisconsin-Madison e hoʻāʻo hou aku i ka sensor.
Ka manawa hoʻouna: Iulai-09-2024