Ana mau o Ammonia i ka wai muliwai

ʻIke ʻia ka maikaʻi o ka wai o ka muliwai e ka Environment Agency ma o ka papahana General Quality Assessment (GQA) a he mea koʻikoʻi ka mālama ʻia ʻana o nā kemika hiki ʻino i ka muliwai. He meaʻai koʻikoʻi ka Ammonia no nā mea kanu a me nā limu e noho ana i ka wai kahawai. Eia naʻe, ke hoʻololi ka wela o ka muliwai, hoʻololi ka ammonia ionized i ke kinoea amonia non-ionized. He mea make kēia i ka iʻa a me nā ola wai ʻē aʻe ma ka muliwai, no laila he mea nui e nānā mau i nā pae amonia.

He mea koʻikoʻi ka maikaʻi o ka wai no nā mea kanu hoʻomaʻemaʻe wai e hoʻohana ana i ka wai kahawai i kumu. Hiki i nā kiʻekiʻe kiʻekiʻe o ka amonia i loko o ka wai ke kumu i nā pilikia nui no ka hana disinfection. Ma ke ana maikai ana i ka nui o ka ammonia i ka wai o ka muliwai ma ke komo ana o ka hale laau lapaau, hiki i ka hui ke hoomalu i ka lako inlet. I kekahi mau noi, hiki ke pani ʻia ka puka komo ke piʻi nā pae amonia i nā pae kiʻekiʻe ʻole.

He pipiʻi a paʻakikī ka ʻenehana nānā ʻana i ka ammonia i kēia manawa, hoʻohana i nā electrodes koho koho ion a me nā reagents pipiʻi, ʻona a paʻakikī ke mālama. ʻAʻole kikoʻī kēia mau mea nānā a koi i ka calibration mau e hoʻololi i nā pono like ʻole, e like me ka mālama ʻana i ka wai ʻino, ka mālama wai inu a me ke ana ʻana i nā pae amonia i ka wai kahawai. Pono nā electrodes koho koho i kēlā me kēia lā i ka zeroing a me ka calibration me nā reagents.

Ke pale aku nei ka HONDE ammonia monitor i nā pilikia o ka nānā ʻana i ka ammonia kuʻuna ma o ka hoʻohana ʻana i kahi ala kūʻokoʻa. Hoʻololi ʻia ka ammonia i kahi pūhui monochloramine paʻa ma kahi ʻano kūlike e like me ka pae amonia kumu. A laila ua ana ʻia ka chloramine me ka hoʻohana ʻana i kahi sensor membrane polarographic me kahi pane laina koho i ka chloramine. Hāʻawi ke kemika hana i ka nānā ʻana i ka ʻike maikaʻi loa ʻoiai ma nā pae haʻahaʻa haʻahaʻa (ppb) ammonia.

He maʻalahi ka reagent, haʻahaʻa ke kumu kūʻai a haʻahaʻa hoʻohana. No laila, he haʻahaʻa loa ke kumukūʻai o ke kuleana.

Ke hoʻohana nei nā hui wai nui o UK a me kekahi mau keʻena hana i ʻae ʻia e Environment Agence i nā mea nānā HONDE e nānā pono i nā pae amonia i ka wai kahawai. Hāʻawi kēia ʻōnaehana ammonia hou mai Analytica Technologies i nā mea hoʻohana me kahi mākaʻikaʻi maʻalahi e hana, kūʻai aku i ke kūʻai ʻana, haʻahaʻa i ka holo ʻana a me ka ʻole o ke ana ʻana.